Uquid separating device



Oct. 18, 193.8. J, KOPYSA Re. 20,885

' LIQUID SEPARATING DEVICE Original Filed July 10. 1933 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 3O I I g 2 II I -JB' 7 J5 16 J5 .Z? I Q "n rr 62 5035 19 v J7 .75 E a WI 5' 16 I l Ii 1| I 44 l i v 12 I k I *f 25 a 45 I u {3T1 Q7- I I. I a I u Z I I 5] 26 I 1 I 75 I ll 3 I L Z7 W LLU i 4 1 1| IE1; 67 2a IIIIII J. F. KOPSA Oct. 18, 1938.

LIQUID SEPARATING DEVI CEV 2 sheets-sheet 2 Original Filed July 10, 1953 Reissued a 1a, 1 3

UNlTED STATES Re. 20,885 A 20,885 uqvm sat-mama m'zvrcn Julius E Kopsa, Chicago, 111., assignor to Kopolator Corporation, Chicago, 111., a corporation of Illinois Original No. 2,006,244, dated June 25, 1935, Serial No. 679,674, July 10, 1933. Application for reissue June 24, 1937, Serial No. 150,210

19 Claims.

The present invention relates generally to devices for separating ,or disuniting liquid in suspension irom gas under pressure. More particularly, the invention relates to that type of liquidseparating device which comprises (1) an elongated, vertically extending casing having inlet and outlet nipples wherebythe gas from which the liquid is to be separated or disunited is introduced and permitted to flow vertically through the casing; and (2) a plurality of circular defiectors which are mounted in the casing between the inletand outlet nipples to rotate on a vertical axis and have. radially extending blades whereby they are caused to rotate in response to flow of the gas through the casing and the liquid in suspension is thrown outwardly and removed from the gas by centrifugal force. One object of the invention is to provide a device of this type which is generally an improvement upon and is more efiicient in operation than previously designed devices for the same purpose, consists of but a small number of parts and may be manufactured at a low and reasonable cost.

Another object of the invention is to provide a liquid-separating device of the type under consideration in which the inlet nipple for introducing the gas into the casing extends through the central portion of the side wall of the casing and the outlet nipple is located at the top of the casing so that the gas flows upwardly through the upper portion of the casing and the lower portion of the casing forms a tank or reservoir for the liquid which is separated or disunited from the gas as the latter flows upwardly to the outlet nipple and is subjected to the action of the rotatable, blade-equipped deflectors.

Another object of the invention is to provide a liquid-separating device of the last mentioned character in which the upper end of the casing is closed by means of a removable plate and the blade-equipped deflectors are rotatably mounted on a shaft which is connected to and depends from this plate so that they are removable as a unit from their operative position for inspectionor repair purposes when the plate is removed from the casing.

A further object of the invention is to provide a liquid-separating device of the last mentioned character in which the deflectors are surrounded by a cylindrical shell which is of less diameter than, and is positioned centrally in the upper end of, the casing and consists of a plurality of rings which arev positioned one above the other and are spaced apart to provide openings through which'the liquid thrown outwardly flectors may pass. a

A still further object of the invention is to provide a liquid-separating device of the type and character under consideration in which the 5 rings whichform the cylindrical shell around the blade-equipped deflectors are spaced apart by means of washer-shaped elements which encircle the shaft depending from the removable plate at the upper end of the casing and have the top and bottom faces thereof shaped and arranged to guide the liquid from the blades on the deflectors to the openings between the rings. v

Additionally, it is contemplated as one of the objects of the invention to provide a device for separating liquid in suspension from gas under pressure in which the various parts thereof are arranged compactly and in a novel manner.

Other objects of the invention and the various advantages and characteristics of the present liquid-separating device will be apparent from a consideration of the following detailed descrip- \tion.

The invention consists in the several novel features which are hereinafter set forth and are more particularly deflned by claims at the conclusion hereof.

In the drawings which accompany and form a part' of this specification or disclosure and in which like numerals of reference denote corresponding parts throughout the several views:

Figure 1 is a side view of a liquid-separating device embodying the invention, parts of the casing of the device being broken away and shown in section for purposes of illustration;

Figure 2 is an enlarged vertical section illustrating in detail the arrangement of the bladeequipped deflectors and the construction of the casing;

Figure 3 is a horizontal section on the line 3-3 of Figure 2;

Figure 4 is a top view of one ofthe washershaped elements which serve to space apart the rings of the shell and guide the liquid to the openings between the rings;

Figure 5 is a top view of one of the deflectors disclosing the construction and arrangement of the radially extending blades;

Figure 6 is an enlarged vertical section on the line B--6 of Figure 4;

Figure 7 is a perspectiv of one of the rings which forms the shell around the deflector;

Figure 8 is a perspective of one oi the deflectors; and

by the de- In and a vertical series of rotatable deflectors I I. The casing surrounds the deflectors and consists of a cylindrical side wall l2, a circular top plate I! and a circular bottom plate ll. The top plate l3 serves to close the upper end of the cylindrical side wall I2 of the casing and is removably secured in place by means of an annular series of studs IS.

The latter are connected to and extend upwardly from a ring II and project through holes l1 in the margin of the top plate l3. Nuts IS on the upper ends of the studs hold the top plate iii in clamped relation with the ring I6. This ring as shown in Figure 2 of the drawings, is welded to and extends inwardly from the upper end of the cylindrical side wall l2 of the casing II. An annular gasket is fits between opposed shoulders on the top plate II and the ring l6 and forms a seal for preventing leakage between said plate and ring. The bottom plate I 4 serves as a closure for the lower end of the side wall of the casing Ill and is removably secured in place by an annular series 0! studs 20. The latter are secured to and extend downwardly from a ring 21 and project through circular holes 22 in the margin of the bottom head ll. Nuts 23 on the lower ends of the studs clamp the head It against the ring 2|. When the nuts are removed from the studs 22, the bottom head Il may be removed to provide access to the lower end of the casing. The ring 2| extends inwardly from and is welded to the lower end of the side wall l2 of the casing and embodiesa seat 2| for an annular gasket- 25. The latter, as shown in Figure 2 of the drawings, fits against the top face of the bottom plate I4 and forms a seal whereby leakage is prevented between the bottom plate and the ring 2|. The cylindrical side wall I2 01' the casing is preferably formed from a length of steel tubing. I

The gas from which the liquid in suspension is to be separated or disunited is introduced into the casing I II by ,way of an inlet nipple 28. This nipple extends through a circular hole in the central portion of the side wall l2 of the casing and is welded to the side wall so that it is permanently connected thereto. The inner end of the nipple 28 is bent upwardly as shown in Figure 1 and fits slldably in and discharges into a tubular bottom extension 21 on -a hollow cast metal head 28. The central portion of the top plate l3 which forms a closure for the upper end of the casing I0 is shaped to form an upwardly extending outlet nipple 29. This nipple is provided with an internal or female screw thread ll whereby it may be connected to a pipe or like element. The gas which enters the casing via the inlet nipple 2i flows upwardly into the hollow head 28 and-then after being subjected to the action of the deflectors II, as hereinafter described, flows out of the casing by way of the outlet nipple 20.

The deflectors II are formed of disks of sheet metal and are slit radially and bent or twisted so that they embody radially-extending, angulsrly disposed blades ll. They embody in addition to the blades ll, hubs I2 and are'mounted,

for horizontal rotation on a verticallyextending Figure 9 is a perspective of one of the washershaft :1. The latter is longitudinally aligned with the inlet and outlet nipples 20 and 2! and is secured to and depends from a crossbar II.

The latter, as shown in Figure 2, is formed in-.

tegrally with the top plate I! for closing the upper end of the casing II and extends diametrically across the lower end of the outlet nipple 28. The upper end of the shaft 33 fits within and is connected by a screw thread connection 35 to a vertical bore "in the central portion of the crossbar 34. The lower end of the shaft 33 extends through a crossbar I! in the upper end of the head 28 and is provided with a nut 38 which underlies the crossbar and serves together with the shaft to support the hollow head 28 from the top plate I3. The hubs 32 of the deflectors ll fit loosely around the shaft 33 and are cut away at the upper ends thereof so as to form flat, annular shoulders 35. The sheet metal disks from which the deflectors are formed are centrally apertured so as to fit around the reduced portions of the hubs and fit against the shoulders 39. Ferrules 40 are pressed around the reduced upper end portions of the hubs and serve to clamp the deflectors in place against the shoulders and in locked relation with the hubs. flectors l I are spaced apart by means of collars 4| which are shrunk or otherwise fixedly secured to the shaft 33. An annular series of balls 42 are disposed between the collars and the hubs l2 and form anti-friction bearings whereby the deflectors are free to revolve around. the shaft 33. The gas from which any liquid in suspension is to be separated or disunited, strikes against the deflectors l I as it flows upwardly in the casing between the head 28 and the outlet nipple 2! and because of the deflectors to rotate. This rotation of the deflectors results in any liquid in suspension in the gas being thrown outwardly as the result of centrifugal action. In order to increase the eiflciency of the deflectors, the central portions of the blades II are centrally deflected or shaped to form radially extending ribs |3. The latter operate in a measure as bailles and guide the liquid separated from the gas outwardly. The deflectors ars preferably four in number. The blades of the bottom deflector and the one'third from the bottom are twisted so that these two deflectors rotate in one direction. The blades of the deflector second from the bottom'and the one opposite the top cover of the casing are oppositely twisted so that these two deflectors rotate in the opposite direction. As a result of this construction, the gas is subjected to the action of deflectors, some of which rotate in one direction and others of which operate in the opposite direction, with the result that any and all liquid in suspension in the gas is eifectively separated or disunited from the gas prior to passage of the gas into the outlet nipple.

For the purpose of guiding the gas from the inlet nipple 2i to'the outlet nipple, a cylindrical shell 44 is provided. This shell surrounds the deflectors ll, consists 01' a plurality of superposed rings 45 and is of smaller diameter than the side wall l2 of the casing ll so as to form an annular space ll therebetween. The rings 4! correspond in number to the deflectors and are spaced vertically apart by means of washer er-shaped l1 are posltioned between the The dethe angularlty and shape of the blades 3| causes deflectors i I and have central apertures .49 of comparatively large diameter for-permitting upward flow of the gas in the shell. The top faces of the elements extend downwardly and outwardly from the apertures 49 at an inclination corresponding to that of the bottom edges of the blades of the deflectors and serve to guide the liquid to the openings 48. The under faces of the elements 41 extend upwardly and outwardly from the apertures 49 at an inclination corresponding to that of the upper edges of the ly by the blades to the openings 48 between the III are formed on the bottom and top faces of the washer-shaped elements and have the outer ends thereof cut away ornotched to receive the edges of the rings 45. These ribs serve as the spacing means for the rings and serve to locate shell 44. The top face of the head 28 extends downwardly and outwardly so as to form a deflecting surface for the blades of the bottom ,de-

are .cut away or notched at the outer ends thereof and receive the lower edge of the lowermost, shell-forming ring 45. The rings 45 are built up on the hollow head 28 and the uppermost ring fits within an annular groove 52 in the bottom face of the top plate I3. The nut 38 at the ened, to exert clamping pressure upon the head 28 and to Jamb or clamp the shell-forming rings and the washer-shaped elements" into locked relation.

The liquid which is separated from the gas by the blades 3| on the deflectors II and is thrown outwardly into the annular space 46 via the narrow openings 48 between the shell-forming rings 45 drops downwardly into the bottom portion of the casing i which serves as a reservoir or tank. A pipe 53 which is connected to and leads downwardly from the bottom plate I 4 permits the accumulated liquid in the bottom of the casing to be drained away. This pipe, as shown in Figure 1 of the drawings is provided with a valve 54 whereby it may be closed or opened. In order that the amount of liquid in the casing bottom may be ascertained from the outside of the casing, a gauge 55 is provided. This gauge consists of a. vertically extending, transparent tube 56 the up per and lower ends of which communicate with the interior of the casing by way of valve-controlled, pipe sections'5l.

The device is assembled by welding the rings l5 and? to the ends of the cylindrical side wall 12 of the casing and then mounting the various parts, such as the gauge 55 and the bottom plate '4, in place. The top. plate l3, after assembly of the deflectors on the shaft 33 and mounting in place of the shell-forming rings 45 and the washer-shaped elements 41, is placed over the ring l5 and is dropped downwardly so as to bring the studs i5 through the holes l1. During lowerlower end of the hollow head 28 slides into enof the inlet nipple 26.

The operation of the deviceis as follows: When gas under pressure is permitted to flow to the inlet nipple 25, it flows upwardly into the hollow head 28 and then passes through the shell 'to the outlet nipple 29. As the gas flows upwardly through the shell, it strikes or impinges blades of the deflector and'serve to guide any liquid which is thrown upwardly and outwardshell-forming rings 45. Radially extending ribs 7 the elements 41 centrally with respect to the" flector and has radially extending ribs 5i which lower end of the shaft 33 operates, when tight ing of the top plate, the extension 21' on the gagement with the upwardly extending inner end against the blades ll of the deflectors and causes the deflectors to rotate. As a result of rotation of the deflectors, any liquidin suspension in the gas is thrown outwardly as the result of centrif-- The herein described separating device is ex tremely efllcient in operation and because of the fact that it embodies but a small number of parts may be manufactured at a low and reasonable cost. It is in the nature of a unitary structure and may be used effectively between the compressor and the condenser of a refrigerating system to remove any oil or water in the refrigerant prior to passage of the refrigerant to the evaporating coil, or it may be; used in the outlet pipe for an oil lubricated, centrifugal compressor for removing oil from the compressed fluid.

The invention is not to be understood as restricted to the details set forth, since these may be modified within the scope of the appended claims, without departlng from the spirit and scope of the invention.

Having thus described the invention, what I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is:

1. In a device for separating liquid in suspension from gas, the combination of an elongated, vertical extending casing, a tubular, vertically extending shell disposed in the casing in spaced relation with respect to the side wall thereof and provided with circumferential side openings, means associated with the casing for directing the gas vertically through the shell, 9. deflector mounted in the shell for rotation on a vertical axis and having radially extending blades whereby it is eaused-to rotate in response to-passage oi the gas through the shell and the liquid in suspension is caused by centrifugal force to be thrown outwardly, and a washer-shaped element disposedwholly within the shell and so that it underlies the blades of the deflector and having an outwardly and downwardly inclined top face for directing the liquid thrown outwardly by the deflector through the side openings in the shell and into the space between the shell and the side wall of the casing.

2. In a device for separating liquid in suspension from gas, the combination of an elongated, vertically extending casing, a tubular, vertically extending shell disposed in the casing in spaced relation with respect to the side wall thereof and provided with side openings, means associated with the casing for directing the gas vertically through the shell, a deflector mounted in the shell for rotation on a vertical axis and having radially extending blades whereby it is caused to rotate in response to passage of the gas through the shell and the liquid in suspension is caused by centrifugal force to be thrown outwardly, and washer-shaped elements above and below the blades of the deflector having opposed inclined faces for directing the liquid thrown outwardly by the deflector through the side openings in the shell and into the space between the shell and the side wall of the casing.

3. In a device for separating liquid in suspension from gas, the combination of anelongated, vertically extending casing, a tubular, vertically extending shell disposed in the casing in spaced relation with respect .to the side wall thereof mittedto pass into the space 4 1 i and provided with side openings, means associated with the casing for directing the gas longitudinally through the shell, a plurality of deflectors mounted in the shellfor rotation on a vertical axis and having radially extending,

anguiarly shaped blades whereby they are caused to rotate in response to passage of the gas through the shell and the liquid in suspension is caused by centrifugal force to be thrown outwardly, and outwardly tapered, washer-shaped elements disposed wholly within the' shell and between the deflectors and arranged to direct the liquid thrown outwardly through the side openings in the shell and into the space between the shell and the side wall of the casing.

4. In a device for separating liquid in suspension from gas, the combination of a casing. a tubular shell disposed in the casing in spaced relation with respect to the side wall thereof and consisting of a plurality of coaxial rings, means associated with the casing for directing the gas through the shell, a series'of deflectors mounted in the shell for rotation transversely thereof and having radially extending, angularly disposed blades whereby they are caused to rotate in response to passage-of the'gas through the shell and the liquid in suspenlson is caused by centrlfugal force-to be thrown outwardly, means between the deflectors and inwardly of the shellforming rings for spacing the" latter small distances apart to form liquid thrown outwardly byv the deflectors is perbetween the shell and'the side wall of the casing and clamping means applied to the end rings for holding the rings in assembled and unit relation.

5. In a device for separating liquid in suspension from gas, the combination of a casing, a tubular shell disposed in the casing in-spaced relation with respect to the side wall thereof and consisting of a plurality of coaxial rings, means associated with the casing for. directing the gas through the shell, 9. series of deflectors mounted k in the shell for rotation transversely thereof and having radially extending, angularly disposed blades whereby they are caused to rotate in response to passage of the gas throughthe shell and the liquid in suspension is caused by centrifugal force to be thrown outwardly, and washer-shaped elements between the. deflectors and constructed to space the shell-forming rings small distances apart to form discharge openings for the liquid thrown outwardly by the deflectors and to guide such liquid through the openings.

6. In a device for separating liquid in suspension from gas, the combination of an elongated, vertically extending casing provided with a removable closure member at its upper end, means for directing the gas upwardly through the casing including an inlet nipple in the bottom portion oi the casing and an outlet nipple on the closure member, a hollow head mounted slidably on and communicating with of the inner nipple, a vertical shaft extending between and connected to the central portions oi. the closure member and said head and adapted together with said head to be withdrawn from the upper end of the casing upon removal of the closure member, and a plurality of horizontally extending deflectors mounted rotatably on the shaft and having radially extending blades whereby they are caused to rotate in response to passage of the gas through the casing and the liquid in suspension is caused to be thrown outside openings whereby the the inner inlet end eases 1 a wardly and separated from the gas by centrifugal force. 1

7. In a device for separating liquid in suspension from gas, the combination of an elongated,

.vertically extending casing provided with a removable closure member at its upper end an inlet nipple extending through the side wall of the casing and provided with an upwardly extending inner end, an outlet nipple in said closure memher and serving with the inlet nipple to permit upward flow'oi' the gas through the casing, a hollow head disposed in the casing and mounted on and communicating with the inner end of the inlet nipple, a tubular, vertically extending shell of reduced width positioned in the casing in clamped relation between the hollow head and said closure member and spaced from ,the side wallof the casing and having side openings therein, a verticalshaft extending through the shell and having the upper end thereof connected to the closure member and its lower end attached to the head so as to support the latter together with the shell, and horizontally ,extending deflectors mounted rotatably on the shaft and "having radially extending blades whereby they are adapted to rotate in response to passage of the Bus through the casing and the liquid in suspension is caused to be thrown outwardly and separated from the as by centrifugal force- 8. In a device forseparating liquid in suspension from gas, the combination of an elongated, vertically extending casing, provided with removable closure members at the ends thereof, means for directing the gas-longitudinally through the casing consisting of an inlet nipple extending through the side wall of the casing and provided with an upwardly extending inner end and an outlet nipple formed as a part of the upper closure member, ahollow head disposed in the casing and mounted slidably on andcommunicating with the inner end of the inlet nipple, a tubular vertically extending shell of reduced width positioned in the casing between the hollow head and said upper closure member, and so that it is spaced from the side wall of the casing and having side openingstherein, a vertical shaft in the shell extending between and connecting together said upper closure member and the hollow head and serving to hold said member and head in clamped relation against the shell and to remove as a vunit the shell and head upon removal of the upper closure member from the casing, and a horizontally extending deflector mounted rotatably on the shaft and having radially extending blades whereby it is adapted to rotate in response to passage 'of the gas through the casing and the liquid in suspension is caused to be thrown outwardly through the side openings in the shell and thus separated from the gas by centrifugal force.

9. In a separator'for removing impurities from gas, the combination of a casing, means inside said casing defining a passageway for gas, said passageway extending lengthwise through said casing and having a series of spaced annular chambers communicating therewith and spaced away from said casing, means for directing a flow oi. gas through said passageway/from one end to the opposite end, a series of impellers mounted in said passageway at points opposite said chambers, respectively, and adapted to be rotated by the gas flow, each impeller having blades extending into and across the associated chamber and conforming to the dimensions thereof except for the necessary clearance to ma h permit rotation, said blades being operative during rotation to transfer impurities from the gas stream to-said chambers, and openings in the said chambers'to permit the impurities to pass out into said casing.

10. In a separator for removing impurities from gases, a plurality of annular rings of wedgeshaped cross section, a plurality of bands assembled alternately with said rings and acting to space the same apart, said bands forming a means of which the impeller is rotated by the gas stream.

11. In a separator for removingimpurities from gases, a plurality of annular rings each having inclined upper and lower faces converging toward the outside periphery, a plurality of ribs on each face, a plurality of bands assembled alternately with said rings and acting to space the same apart, said bands forming a shell surrounding said rings having openings between points where the bands engage said ribs, a shaft mounted axially within said rings, impellers'mounted on said shaft at points between said rings, and means for directing a stream of gas through said rings to operate said impellers.

12. In a device for removing impurities from gases, a plurality of annular rings arranged in spaced relation on a common axis, each ring having alternate raised and recessed portions on each face, a shell surrounding said rings and having openings communicating with the spaces between rings, a shaft supported axially within said rings, impellers mounted on said shaft so that each impeller rotates between two rings, the impellers being so dimensioned that the ends thereof pass'in close proximity to the inside of said shell and the sides thereof pass in close proximity to the raised portions on the faces of said rings, and means for directing a flow of gas through said rings to rotate said impellers.

13. In a device for separating impurities from gases, an impeller having a plurality of blades,

each blade comprising an inner smooth sur-' faced driving section and an outer section having a broken surface, means for directing a stream of gas through said impeller and for confining the stream to engagement with the driving sections of said blades only, means cooperating with said first means to form an annular chamber closely fitted to the outer sections of said blades, said chamber having alternate portions of different elevation on the top and bottom and openings on the outside, the said impeller rotating responsive to the gas flow and acting to intercept impurities from the gas, accelerate intercepted impurities in a rotary movement, and cause the same to be transferred to said chamber by centrifugal force, whence they are guided outwardly throigh said openings partly by the broken surface of he outer sections of the impeller blades and partly by the raised portions -on the top and bottom of said chamber.

14. In a device for separating impurities from gas, a plurality of impellers, means forming a passageway for directing gas through said impellers in succession, said passageway being of substantially smaller diameter than the diameter oi the impellers, means cooperating with said first means to form an annular chamber closely surrounding eachimpeller into which impurities are transferred from the gas streamby the impeller and in which the gas-is given a whirling motion, and an outer casing inclosing a dead space sur rounding the said chambers into which the impurities are forced by the outward pressure of the whirling gas, said chambers having openings to permit the impurities to pass out as set forth.

15. In a device for removing impurities from a gas, a casing, an inner shell spaced away from the wall of said casing, a plurality of impellers mounted for rotation within said shell, said impellers having substantially the same diameter as the inner diameter of said shell, a plurality of annular rings inside the shell arranged alternately with the impellers, means for directing a gas stream through said rings, thereby rotating the impellers and passing impurities along the blades thereof into the spaces between said rings, said impellers setting up a whirling motion inthe gas between the rings, a series of ribs on each ring face in close proximity to the adjacent impeller for outwardly deflecting impurities caught in the gas whirl, and openings in the shell through which the impuritiesare forced by the outward pressure of the gas whirl.

16. In a device for separating impurities from gases, a casing, a removable head for said casing having a central passageway forgas", a centrifugal separator means supporting said separator on said head inside said casing. whereby said separator is adapted to be removed from the casing with the head as a unit, said separator including a plurality of individually rotatable elements positioned at'increasing distances, respectively, from the inner end of said passageway, means forming an integral part of said separator removable with said head and including a second passageway in alignment with the passageway in the head for directing a flow of gas through said elements, and a third passageway extending from the outside of the casing to the interior thereof arranged to automatically connect with the end of said second passageway when the said head and separator unit is inserted in the casing. 1

1'7. In a device for separating impurities from gases, a centrifugal separator comprising oppositely disposed end members each having a central opening therein, means including an outer casing for supporting one end member, a shaft coaxial with said openings for supporting the second and member on the first, each opening having a transverse web for attaching said shaft, aplurality of rotatable impellers mounted on said shaft between said end members, means including said shaft and webs for drawing the end members together, and spacing means for holding said end members a predetermined distance apart to take the strain when said end members are drawn together as set-forth, thereby avoiding binding said impellers and providing for free rotation thereof on said shaft.

18. In a device for removing impurities from gases, a centrifugal separator. comprising a shaft,

a series of impellers mounted for rotation on said impeller and adapted tointercept impurities passed outwardly by the associated impeller, said bands being spaced apart suiiicient to enable intercepted impurities to pass between them, a re- 4 movable casing surrounding said separator in spaced relation to said bands and forming a reservoir for storing the separated impurities, and means for rigidly holding all the separator parts in fixed relation while said casing is being removed.

19. In a device for removing impurities from gases, a casing, a removable closure member for one end of said casing. a centrifugal separator within said casing and comprising end members of which one is said closure member, ajcylindrical shell extending between saidend members and comprising a plurality of spaced bands, a

shaft axially mounted within said shell, a plurality otimpellers rotatably mounted on said shaft, means including said shaft for supporting the separator parts including the shell, impellers and innerend member on said removable closure member, whereby the said closure member and separator are removable from the casing asv a unit, and a suitable passageway for gas including an opening in the closure member and an opening in the inner end member of the separator for directing a flow of gas through said impellers.

JULIUS F. KOPSA. 

